Tag Archive for: SEPA

SEPA Instant Payments – a catalyst for new developments in the payments market (part II)

26-02-2024 | SEPA Instant Payments – a catalyst for new developments in the payments market by François de Witte

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Instant Payments: the SEPA Instant Payments rulebook is published, what’s next?

| 20-2-2017 | Boudewijn Schenkels | Sponsored content |

At the end of last year the SEPA Instant Payments requirements from the European Payments Council have been published. Consequently the Dutch requirements 3.0 from the Dutch Payments Association were published last month.

SEPA Instants Payments (also called SCT Inst – SEPA Credit Transfer Instant) will allow sending and receiving money 24/7 in seconds. European banking communities can go live from November 2017, the Dutch community has planned to go live from May 2019 with the first Instant Payments services. The development of the SEPA Instant Payments infrastructures of the banks and processors are in train. In april 2018 the start of the inter-CSM testing is planned, the end-to-end bank tests and the pilot phase from January until April 2019.

From our Instant Payments training classes for business professionals and IT staff, we find that participants are not fully aware of the large impact Instant Payments will have on the complete value chain and the opportunities it will bring. In order for you to understand the impact and opportunities, I will explain how Instant Payments are processed.

To give an impression of all the change aspects for users, the banks and the interbank processing side:

For corporates amongst others:

  • Different and new initiation processes, including, if applicable, instant insight in the failure of the payment;
  • New cash management and/or ERP applications or upgrades;
  • Reconciliation aspects;
  • Requirements for instant insight of bank account mutations;
  • Changed processes to monitor late payments (as they can be delivered eg. in the weekend);
  • Evaluate the potential of new services based on Instant Payments;
  • 24/7 operation required?
  • Possibilities in product differentiation.

 For banks amongst others:

  • Support new payments processes;
  • Real time and 24/7 reporting;
  • Extra notifications and reach filtering (as SEPA Instant Payments is not mandatory);
  • Revised (24/7) operational processes;
  • Changes to fraud/AML/sanctions management;
  • New sales and product management activities and roles;
  • Changes liquidity management processes and monitoring;
  • New clearing channel(s).

For processors amongst others:

  • New clearing and settlement processes;
  • Revised operational processing and monitoring;
  • New sales and product management activities and roles

As the launch dates come nearer it certainly triggers managers to now thoroughly evaluate scope and time scales for (required) internal projects and ensure to be ready and steady before launch in 2019 as well as business professionals to anticipate and grasp the potential opportunities.

The key differences between the current SEPA Credit Transfer and the new SCT Inst scheme are:

  • 24/7 available (no downtime)
  • real-time (5 seconds in Netherlands round trip)
  • real-time failure notifications
  • single transaction only

Instant Payments process

In our training, we also explain the differences between the normal payment flow (SCT) and the Instant Payments flow (SCT Inst). The process flow is described below in summary and will take place in several seconds.

 

Figure 1. (Source: EPC Rulebook)

Several key actors are involved in the payments process:

  • Originator: party sending the payment (payer, customer of the bank)
  • Originator bank: the bank of the payer
  • CSM: interbank party that clears and settles the payments between banks (Clearing and Settlement Mechanism)
  • Beneficiary bank: the bank of the payee
  • Beneficiary: the party receiving the payment (payee, customer of the bank)

The new process in summary:

The Originator Bank receives an SCT Inst Instruction from the Originator (Step 1). It verifies the instruction and sends the transaction to the CSM (Step 2), which verifies the message, ensures that the Originator bank has enough funds and instantly sends the SCT Inst Transaction message to the Beneficiary Bank. The Beneficiary Bank instantly verifies the payments and if it can be booked on the account of the Beneficiary (Step 3). The Beneficiary Bank confirms to the CSM if it was successful (positive confirmation) or not (negative confirmation with an immediate Reject) (Step 4). The Beneficiary can withdraw the funds (Step 5) instantly if in the previous step the confirmation was positive (and after the Beneficiary Bank has ensured that the CSM received the positive confirmation message). The CSM instantly reports to the Originator Bank if the SCT Inst Transaction had been successful (or not) (Step 6). In case the Originator Bank receives a negative confirmation about the SCT Inst transaction which indicates that the funds had not been made available to the beneficiary, the originator bank is obliged to immediately inform the originator (Step 7) and lift the reservation of the amount made in step 1.

All in seconds and 24/7!

This all means, that beside the flow of money, there is also a flow of messages between the customer and the bank. Both Beneficiary and Originator will be informed (in a few seconds) that the transaction is done (or not).

Are you interested in what the new SEPA Instant Payment will mean for your organization?
Come to our next open training (March 15 in Utrecht) or inquire about the possibilities of an in-house training.
More information at: www.paymentsadvisorygroup.com.
If you have any questions please contact us via: [email protected] .

 

Boudewijn Schenkels

Senior Consultant Payments @ Payments Advisory Group

 

 

Why You Don’t Need a Treasury Workstation

| 11-11-2019 | treasuryXL | BELLIN

Location dependence vs. universal collaboration and access

Often times, terms and definitions change over time; and sometimes terms remain the same but their meaning shifts. Take for example the word “bookkeeping:” accountants nowadays no longer put pen to paper and make manual entries in a book. Transferring this concept to treasury, we only need to look at the name of the department itself. Treasurers no longer watch over dungeons filled with treasure troves and other valuables (maybe with the exception of Fort Knox). But that’s not the only shift in meaning: we can also come across obsolete terms and definitions when it comes to the digitalization of treasury tasks and specifically with the term: treasury workstation.

Looking at search requests in Google, one of the most commonly searched terms in treasury is “treasury workstation” – a term that has been in use for treasury systems for many years. However, we need to ask ourselves if the term and the understanding of technology and processes associated with it are still appropriate today. Should they have long been replaced by other terms?

“Treasury Workstation” – is that what treasury is?

“Treasury workstation” contains the element of “station” that appears to have no place in today’s treasury world: mobile communication and the flexible use of systems are such obvious characteristics of our daily work that a “station” clearly no longer delivers. A workstation is literally stationary and therefore limited: it sits in one single place and is only available right there. Conversely, this is precisely where modern systems differ: they’re web-based and can be used from any mobile device without any limitations regarding security, user-friendliness, and functionality. Indeed, the very fact that modern systems are not stationary makes them so powerful. They’re mobile and any number of people can make use of them from anywhere.

Today, large departments and units need to be able to readily collaborate and exchange knowledge and data; a workstation seems inappropriate to meet these demands and stands for a status quo that IT has long left behind. No one wants to install software on a workstation anymore; no one wants to be tied to a desktop computer. The internet with all its enormous potential drives the optimization of business processes and data communication to the point where companies can no longer afford to back workstations, in particular in treasury.

Collaboration with a Treasury Management System

At BELLIN, their system, tm5, is not a physical workstation limited to a specific location. The system is a web-based and dynamically-integrated platform that excels in ensuring global visibility, maximized security and uncapped work-hours saved. The key ingredient in regard to this article is that the system is web-based, yet accessibly by anyone company wide. We call this our Load Balanced Treasury approach which means no per-user licenses, ensuring subsidiaries can share data seamlessly, profit from real-time transparency, and maximize global security.

While many treasurers still refer to modern platforms as workstations, the distinction is important. Modern, web-based systems are platforms for collaboration, for cooperation and for uniting internal and external parties and partners who all contribute to treasurers always having the information they need to do their job: make decisions that reduce business risk, optimize asset management, manage funding and hedging and give the company the overall stability to meet the company objectives.

This is by no means limited to treasury. Unlike a workstation that is only ever available to the people in one particular office, treasury management systems serve the entire company and people from any department can be involved where needed. This allows treasurers to share the workload, get information first hand and have a fully integrated and connected workflow that ultimately benefits everyone.

Conclusion

Treasury workstations are a thing of the past and platforms like the BELLIN tm5 have long become established as industry standards. Consequently,  it is time we reflect that fact in our terminology in order to find what businesses really need and stop searching for things that were modern years ago. “Station” ultimately suggests inflexibility, stagnation. As time goes by, both terminology and processes are subject to change and move forward – just as treasury does. Perhaps this is just a semantic error or term that has stuck over the years? Either way, as treasury enthusiasts and experts, we are keen to help the industry acclimate to the existing technological ecosystem.

Martin Bellin

CEO

BELLIN logo

Open banking and APIs: transforming the future of treasury

| 05-11-2019 | treasuryXL | BELLIN

Open banking is about much more than advanced technology. It has an impact on business models, processes and ways of thinking – and it will definitely have a huge impact on treasury.

The EU’s revised payment services directive (PSD2) has forced European banks to set up standardised interfaces, so-called APIs, to enable third parties’ technological access to bank accounts. This is an attempt to break up the banks’ monopoly and boost competition amongst payment service providers.

When it comes to payments, PSD2 APIs are currently limited to single Euro payments area (SEPA) single payments. Simply put, they are generally ill-suited for corporate payment processing. Nevertheless, open access to customer and transaction data for third parties represents a radical change that threatens traditional banking business models.

While in the past, banks reigned freely over their customers’ financial data – often keeping them in the dark about margins, fees and transaction routes – open banking makes banking fundamentally more democratic and gives companies much more freedom and flexibility.

How does a company want to handle its payment processing? With open banking, it will be of little relevance to corporates exactly how their payments are processed. As long as the payment goes from A to B, the back-end technology being used is up to the service provider. What will be more significant for corporate treasury departments when it comes to payments is how quickly this information becomes available to them.

Open banking’s impact on cash management

Today, treasurers are blind when it comes to intraday cash flow movements. Depending on the bank, they only receive balance information a few times a day at specific times. This has always been as real-time as it gets. Treasurers who would like to know their account balance at any time and in ‘real, real-time’ need to request this information. But how can you know when to best inquire about your account balance when you have no idea when money will be credited?

Some companies make use of automated requests, managed in their treasury management system (TMS). The system sends scheduled requests to the bank, for example every minute, to check if any new information is available. An analogy would be sending round a company postman to empty the letterbox every few minutes without knowing if anyone has actually posted a letter. This leads to enormous amounts of data and clogs up communication channels and systems, without really solving the issue.

A much more intelligent solution would be to not request the information until it is actually available. For that to work, there would need to be some kind of signal that data has come in – just like the signal flag on American letterboxes. New technologies, such as APIs and WebSockets, enable this kind of reversed order. The bank signals that a new balance is available as soon as money is credited to or debited from an account, and treasurers and other finance professionals can then take action. The same is true for payments, where status notifications for a transaction would be available straight away.

The future of APIs

What will the future look like for banking communication? Will APIs relegate existing technologies, such as electronic banking internet communication standard (EBICS) or SWIFT, to the sidelines? APIs’ greatest downfall is their lack of standardisation. Conversely, complete and powerful standardisation across the SEPA area is the biggest asset of these established communication channels.

In the context of PSD2, there have been various European initiatives to achieve standardisation, for example those of the Berlin Group. However, there is no comparable global initiative, and when BELLIN recently analysed the open banking offering of the ten most relevant banking groups, the discrepancies were staggering. What is needed are suitable enhancements of established technologies that could then be combined with new technologies, for example combining the EBICS protocol with API technology.

And this future is not far off. Massive changes that will impact treasurers’ day-to-day work significantly are just around the corner. Large retailers have already implemented instant payment solutions using APIs that not only enable them to transfer money, but also to receive notifications when a payment has come in as soon as it does. This has enabled them to fully connect payment processing, real-time balance information and customer service.

Direct communication of data between companies and banks is likely to have other, far-reaching consequences for treasury, for example when it comes to FX and risk management. Real-time corporate-bank communication definitely brings challenges for cash management. Banks will have to solve how cash pooling is handled in the future whilst also determining the time on which interest calculations are based. However, with new standards for speed, efficiency and data quality, open banking will continue to revolutionise treasury far beyond 2020.

Karsten Kiefer, Product Manager Solution Management, BELLIN

Karsten Kiefer

Product Manager Solution Management

 

Grensoverschrijdend betalingsverkeer is (eindelijk!) aan het verbeteren

| 20-03-2018 | Bas Kolenburg |

In mijn vroegere rol als Corporate Treasurer waren grensoverschrijdende betalingen, zowel binnenkomend van een klant of uitgaand naar een leverancier, een regelmatige bron van ergernis:

  • Het is een langzaam en weinig voorspelbaar proces dat meerdere dagen in beslag kan nemen en over vele schijven verloopt met correspondentbanken etc. ;
  • Het is een erg duur proces;
  • Je kan maar moeilijk interveniëren als het proces eenmaal is opgestart;
  • Het proces is weinig transparant wat betreft doorlooptijd en er is geen bevestiging dat het bedrag op de juiste bestemming is aangekomen.

De afgelopen jaren zijn er in het internationale betalingsverkeer veel vernieuwingen geweest. Deze veranderingen hadden echter vooral betrekking op het SEPA-gebied. Met de introductie van SEPA is het onderscheid tussen een betaling binnen Nederland of binnen het SEPA gebied, mits in Euro, vrijwel verdwenen. Bovendien is valuteren niet meer aan de orde en dienen banken betalingen snel op de rekening van de begunstigde bij te schrijven. Maar als we kijken naar betalingen in andere muntsoorten dan de Euro of betalingen buiten het SEPA gebied dan zijn de verschillen erg groot. Daar tariferen en valuteren banken de transacties nog wel degelijk.

Daarom is er vanuit SWIFT een initiatief gestart dat moet zorgen voor een inhaalslag om ook grensoverschrijdend betalingsverkeer naar een hoger level te brengen: het Global Payments Initiative (SWIFT GPI).

SWIFT GPI streeft ernaar (uiteindelijk) alle hiervoor genoemde ergernissen in het betalingsverkeer op te heffen/te verminderen, om te beginnen met de volgende kenmerken in fase 1 (dat inmiddels sinds januari 2017 live is):

1. Snellere – same day- verwerking van de betaling.
Waarbij dus geen valutering meer wordt toegepast.
2. Transparantie van kosten.
Dus duidelijkheid over alle ingehouden kosten door banken in het gehele proces
3. Transparantie van het proces via tracking en tracing.
Door het toevoegen van uniek E2E (end-to-end) tracking nummer aan de betaling is er de mogelijkheid om een betaling van begin tot eind te volgen en te zien waar de betaling zich bevindt. Een betaler krijgt ook een bevestiging wanneer het geld op de rekening van de begunstigde is bijgeschreven. Hierbij blijft de omschrijving die de klant de betaler aan zijn opdracht meegeeft intact, dus zijn er geen aanpassingen van de tekst in de keten.

De voordelen van dit initiatief voor de Corporate Treasurers zijn talrijk:

• Minder settlement tijd van de inkomende en uitgaande betalingen;
• Betere en meer betrouwbare cash flow management;
• Meer inzicht in de kosten die worden gerekend voor grensoverschrijdende betalingen;
• Minder FX risico;
• Zekerheid voor betalers en ontvangers.

Op dit moment zijn al circa 150 banken wereldwijd aangehaakt bij dit initiatief en de verwachting is dat de meeste banken vanwege de klantbehoefte, zich snel willen gaan aansluiten. Daarbij geldt wel dat banken zelf aan kunnen geven in welke muntsoorten ze deze dienstverlening gaan ondersteunen.

In fase 2 (die is gepland voor 2018), zal SWIFT GPI nog meer functionaliteiten toevoegen:
1. De mogelijkheid om een betaling direct te stoppen
En dat ongeacht waar in het proces de betaling zich bevindt, bijvoorbeeld in geval van fraude of een dubbele betaling.
2. Het bijvoegen van documenten met betalingen
Documenten zoals bijvoorbeeld facturen en compliance documenten kunnen dan worden bijgevoegd en hoeven dan niet meer (zoals nu) via e-mail en andere handmatige acties naar elkaar te worden doorgestuurd.
3. Het invoeren van een “payment assistant”

Hiermee moeten bedrijven geholpen worden om alle gegevens die nodig zijn voor een grensoverschrijdende betaling nog beter aan te leveren zodat een transactie snel en efficiënt door de keten gaat. Bij Nederlandse banken zit in de huidige applicaties overigens al veel features die afdwingen dat klanten de opdrachten zo volledig mogelijk aanleveren.

In een volgende fase wil SWIFT GPI ook nieuwe technologieën, zoals Blockchain, verkennen waarbij uiteindelijk het doel is om de kosten voor de grensoverschrijdende betalingen verdergaand te reduceren.

Al met al is dit een erg positief initiatief van SWIFT om het grensoverschrijdend betalingsverkeer (eindelijk) naar de 21e eeuw te brengen. Nu is het zaak ervoor te zorgen dat zo veel als mogelijk banken zich hierbij aansluiten want als de bank van je tegenpartij niet aan dit initiatief meedoet blijven grensoverschrijdende betalingen een bron van ergernis.

 

 

Bas Kolenburg

Senior Consultant at Enigma Consulting

Looking back after 10 years of SEPA

| 26-02-2018 | Paul Stheeman |

Cash Pooling

 

Last month we saw the anniversary of several historical moments. 1000 years ago, in January 1018 the Peace of Bautzen ended the German-Polish War. More recently, in January 1998, American President Bill Clinton surprised the world by denying in a press conference that he had sexual relations with Monica Lewinsky. More importantly for Treasurers and the citizens of Europe January 2018 marks the tenth anniversary of the establishment of SEPA, the Single European Payments Area.

 

In Europe we have become used to SEPA. Initially we all groaned at the idea of having 22-digit long bank accounts numbers called the IBAN, nicknamed as “IBAN the Terrible”. But the introduction of SEPA in January 2008 has brought a number of benefits to over 520 million citizens in Europe. Not only are the 19 Eurozone countries members of SEPA. All other EU countries participate as well as countries such as Norway or Switzerland.

The main benefit is that we now have one payment zone. Previously, making a transfer from Italy to the Netherlands was a cross-border payment. This meant that a whole week could pass between the time when the payer initiated the transfer in Italy and the recipient actually received the funds on his Dutch bank account. In addition, banks in both countries would charge considerable fees for making the transfer. Payment is now done within 24 hours and banks should not charge more than for a domestic payment.

SEPA not only covers transfers. Direct debits and debit cards also are handled in a similar manner through SEPA. And a new instant payment scheme is currently being rolled out, allowing payments to be completed within seconds on a 24/7/365 basis.

SEPA is also strongly regulated. The European Commission established the legal foundation through the Payment Services Directive or PSD. Payment products are overseen as are technical standards.

In the last ten years SEPA has established itself as being the platform for payments in Europe. Due to its wide acceptance and success in its first decade it is likely to accompany us for many years ahead as new payment methods are developed in the digitalised world.

 

Paul Stheeman

Owner of STS – Stheeman Treasury Solutions GmbH

 

De 100 meest veelbelovende FinTech bedrijven – wie wordt de winnaar?

12-9-2017 | FM.NL | treasuryXL |

Op 27 september is het zover. Buitenlandse investeerders en FinTech-specialisten van naam reizen dan af naar Brussel. Tijdens de European FinTech Awards & Conference 2017 zullen zij oordelen hoe de veelbelovende techbedrijven van Europa ervoor staan. De omgetoverde FinTech-awardzaal van ‘The Egg’ bombardeert  de Europese hoofdstad deze dag tot hét techcentrum van Europa. De top 100 aanstormende FinTech-bedrijven van Europa zijn bekend. Wie wordt gekozen tot winnaar?

Meer dan 34.000 FinTech enthousiastelingen hebben gestemd op hun favoriete Europese FinTech-bedrijf. Het is nu aan de FinTech vakjury: wie winnen de European FinTech Awards 2017? U hoort het op 27 september.
Honderden Europese fintechbedrijven staan op het punt door te breken en uit te groeien tot scale-up. Miljarden liggen klaar om geïnvesteerd te worden in bedrijven die de markten gaan veroveren. Wie wordt de volgende?

De 100 meest veelbelovende FinTech bedrijven

 FM.NL heeft de 100 bedrijven in een artikel gepresenteerd:
 

Bron: FM.NL

Top 3 FinTechs per categorie

 

 

 

 

 

 


Bron: FM.NL

Veelbelovende FinTech-bedrijven & verrassende visies op de European FinTech Awards in Brussel:
Deel expertise en visies. Laat u verrassen tijdens de vele kennissessies, keynotes en pitches. Krijg de beste antwoorden op uw vragen: Hoe schaalt u efficiënt een FinTech-bedrijf op? Wat kunnen we leren van succesvolle FinTechs? Hoe reageren banken en wat denken investeerders?

Laat u inspireren door de meest veelbelovende FinTech-bedrijven ten overstaan van aanwezige investeerders, stakeholders en andere belangstellenden op 27 september 2017.  Dit is de dag waarop u de beste FinTechs van Europa pas écht leert kennen.

Korting via treasuryXL

Bezoek de European FinTech Awards & Conference met korting
Ontmoet 27 september 2017 in ‘The Egg’ in Brussel 400 nationaal en internationaal befaamde FinTech-entrepreneurs, bankiers, investeerders en adviseurs. De European FinTech Awards & Conference 2017 biedt een unieke kans om uw netwerk te vergroten. Laat deze kans niet glippen om gearriveerde FinTech-sprekers op het podium te zien en 30 pitches te zien van Europa’s beste innovatieve ondernemingen van dit moment.

Speciaal als TreasuryXL community lid krijgt u 10% korting met de code: Friend2017, boek vandaag uw ticket(s)

De European FinTech Awards wordt georganiseerd door Alex van Groningen en B Hive. 

Annette Gillhart – Community Manager treasuryXL

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SEPA Instant Payments – a catalyst for new developments in the payments market (part I)

| 19-7-2017 | François de Witte |

On 29 June 2017, I attended a workshop organized by Fintech Belgium on how Instant Payments will push the financial sector to innovate. In this article (the first part of 2) I will set the scene by presenting some use cases. In the second part (online next week) I share some views on how Instant Payments, in combination with PSD2, will be a game-changer in the market. 

The new generation customer claims “I want it all, and I want it now”. It is his anthem for having packages delivered, ordering food or finding a taxi driver. Payments are next, and they expect the financial industry to follow by offering real time or near real time experience.

As opposed to real-time payments with smartphones, transferring money between banks or cross-border payments often takes several days to be processed. For this reason, the EPC (European Payment Council) decided to introduce SCT Inst scheme: a real-time payment system where interbank transactions will be cleared within maximum 10 seconds at any time of the day and 365 days of the year. Similar schemes were already successfully put in place in other states (e.g. Denmark, Sweden and the UK).

Setting the scene – some use cases

As already mentioned by Boudewijn Schenkels on TreasuryXL, the characteristics of the new SEPA Instant Credit Scheme are the following:

  • SCT Inst is proposed by the EPC, and is hence not a mandatory scheme
  • it is a 365/24/7 available (no down time)
  • it is near real execution time (maximum 10 seconds, and some communities try to reduce this execution time)
  • there are real time failure notifications of the beneficiary
  • the funds are immediately credited and reusable by the beneficiary
  • a very important feature is the irrevocability of the payment. Once the payment has been initiated, it cannot be revoked, except in case of fraud
  • the scheme only cover single transaction only – no batch processing
  • currently the scheme limit is set at 15.000 euros, but this limit is expected to increase later on

The scheme should be operational in November 2017, but in some countries it is already live (e.g. Finland and Spain). Besides the processing, an important aspect is to ensure that the beneficiary is advised.

As Alessandro Longoni outlined earlier on treasuryXL, both from a cash management, and from a treasury perspective, Instant Payments open many new possibilities both for merchants, and corporates.

Thanks to its irrevocability, the SCT Inst will also be a disruptor for existing PSPs such as Paypal and Amazon Pay. It is expected that the banks will charge much lower fees then them. We might also expect that this scheme would also challenge in the cards market, where new players could benefit from both PSD2 and SCT Inst to offer more competitive payment schemes. However the card operators might also react by adapting their prices and/or offering additional new services.

For the banks, merchants, and the payment industry more widely, the PISP (Payment Initiation Service Provider) model will have a significant impact on the way in which consumers and merchants transact in the future. Unlike the traditional four-party card model, customers would “push” cleared funds to merchants, with ACH transactions replacing the current card CSM (Clearing & Settlement Mechanism). This will significantly simplify the existing payment model, with fewer players and interactions involved.

The drawing down below illustrates this quite well:

Source: OVUM – Instant Payments and the Post-PSD2 Landscape

We also expect that thanks to the new schemes and competitors, the use of cash will decrease, although cash will remain important for a while. Cash is accessible to all, also those who do not have a bank account. It enables immediate settlement without intervention of a third party. Cash is the only payment instrument that currently guarantees the user’s privacy and anonymity, while all electronic transactions are traceable.

In the second part of this article, which will be online next week, I will tell you more about instant payments as a game changer.

François de Witte – Founder & Senior Consultant at FDW Consult

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More articles from this author:

Treasury for non-treasurers – cash conversion cycle and working capital management

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How can payments improve your working capital? Part I

| 6-4-2017 | Olivier Werlingshoff |

Working Capital is the term for the operating liquidity of a company that can be used and is needed to continue the day to day business. To calculate the working capital you have to deduct the current liabilities from the current assets. By managing your account receivables, accounts payables and inventory you can fluctuate your cash position and optimize your working capital so that the cash “trapped” in the company can be lowered to a minimum while you are still able to meet your payment agreements.

The way you are making or receiving payments can have influence on the trapped cash and therefore can influence your working capital.In a few articles we will dive into the world of payments and explain the influence on working capital. In this first article we will discuss the wire transfers within the EU and cross border.

Wire Transfer

SEPA
With SEPA all payments in the EU are considered as a local payment. To minimize your banking process time with bank transfers you don’t need to open local bank accounts in the different countries in the EU anymore. If you have a customer in, let’s assume Spain and you agreed on a payment term of 30 days, you send your invoice by mail as soon as the  client signed the contract. At that moment your working capital will increase with the amount until the moment the amount is paid into your bank account.

You can mention on your invoice that payments can be done by transfer to your IBAN number in The Netherlands. The maximum processing time will be one banking business day if you send the payment instruction before the cut off time of your bank. This means that if the client is doing the payment on Friday before the cut off time, mostly 3.30 PM, the amount will be on your account on Monday. Otherwise you will receive it on Tuesday.

Risk of non-payment
With wire transfers you still have the risk of nonpayment by you customer. Within the SEPA area you can also use Direct Debits. With this type of payment you can be the one who initiates the payment and if your client accepts, your money could be on your account after the agreed payment term of 30 days. Furthermore Direct debits can’t be reversed by your client when you use the Business variant.

Cross border
If you have a client in the US, you will also send him the invoice by mail to skip the postage process. You can ask him to transfer the amount to your IBAN number. The client will probably convert the amount in his own currency and make an international transfer. With a cross border transfer you will have different costs: the outgoing transfer cost, the incoming transfer cost and also even sometimes correspondent bank costs. Besides the high costs, payments can even take a week before reaching your bank account.

What is the effect on your working capital? Because it takes a long time before you get paid, your accounts payables will increase and the “days sales outstanding” will be longer than the 30 days you agreed on.
When you have a lot of international clients in one specific country you can make a calculation whether opening a local account in the country of your clients could be profitable for you. To avoid correspondent cost you can choose a bank that has connections with your main bank.
After receiving the money on your local account there are some instruments you can use to sweep the balance to your main account in The Netherlands, those products are called pooling techniques.

In the next articles we will focus on payments by internet, credit – and debit cards but also payment on delay and trade products.

Olivier Werlingshoff - editor treasuryXL
Olivier Werlingshoff

Owner of WERFIAD

 

 

 

More articles from this author:

Managing cash across borders

How to improve cash awareness without targets